Nis is the largest city in the south of Serbia and the third largest city in the country. The oldest city in the Balkans - Nis - since ancient times was considered a gate between East and West. Here was born Constantine the Great - the first Christian Roman emperor, the founder of Constantinople. In Nis there is one of the oldest Christian churches in Serbia, dating from the 4th century AD. e. In 2013, the Ecumenical Assembly of Christian Churches will be held in Niš in honor of the 1700th anniversary of the Milan Edict.
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How to get to Niš
- By plane. 4 km north-west of the center of Nis is the airport of Constantine the Great - the second most important international airport in Serbia. To the city from the airport, buses run every 15 minutes from early morning until midnight.
- By train. The railway station is a half an hour's walk to the east from the central square of Nis. It stops trains from Thessaloniki to Ljubljana via Belgrade, from Istanbul to Vienna via Belgrade and Budapest.
- By bus. In Nis, all buses coming from Belgrade to Greece or Macedonia call in. The road from Belgrade will take 3 hours, but you need to make sure that the flight that you are going to go to, "direct" and stops in all small towns along the route will not be.
- By car. The route E 75 passes through Nis.
- The cost of a bus ticket from Belgrade to Niš
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Climate
Mainly cloudy +11 ° C in the afternoon +6 ° C at night ° С water |
Cloudy +15 ° C in the afternoon +5 ° C at night ° С water |
Mainly cloudy +10 ° C in the afternoon +6 ° C at night ° С water |
| Nish weather forecast for 10 days | ||
The climate of the Nis is moderately continental. The average temperature in July is 21 ° C, in January - 0 ° C.
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Sights
The most ancient monuments of the city include the early Christian crypt, the mausoleum in Nishka-Banya, the ruins of the church of St. .Archangel Gabriel, Byzantine basilica and crypt in Ostrovice, ruins of the Roman palace, baptistery, thermae and nymphaeum in Mediana .The main attractions of Nis: Nish monasteries St. .The Virgin Mary, the monastery and the church of Hilandar metok, as well as the temples belonging to the monastery complex St. .Savva, St. .Paraskeva Iverskaya and many others .Later monuments of architecture include the buildings of Banovin and Gradská Kupa in the style of late neoclassicism, the building of Narodnoye Pozorishte, the building of the Radio Center Nis (served as the residence of King Peter I), the monumental Main Post Office .
Tower of skulls by Chele Kula
On May 31, 1809, the Serbian rebels suffered a major defeat on Mount Chegar in the First Uprising against the Ottoman Empire .Realizing the inevitability of defeat and not wanting to surrender, the Serbian military leader Stefan Sinjelic shot into the gunpowder store, blowing up himself, the remains of his people surrounded by the advancing Turks .After the retreat of the Serbian army, the Turkish Pasha ordered the construction of a tower and the installation of the skulls of the Serbs killed during the battle for edification to all who would later oppose the Ottoman Empire .At the time of construction of the tower, 952 skulls were embedded in its walls .Now there are 58 of them left, including the skull of the self-denying Serbian governor .In 1892, around the tower was built a chapel in memory of the dead .And in 1937, before the entrance to the chapel, a monument to Sinjelic and a small bas-relief depicting the battle .The tower of skulls is declared a monument of culture of special importance and is protected by the state since 1979 .
Monument Chegar
In 1927, in honor of the 50th anniversary of the independence of Nish from the Turks in the place where a bloody battle took place on Mount Chegar, a monument was built in the form of a tower. In 1938, the bronze bust of Stefan Sinjibich was placed in a semicircular niche on the monument.
Niš Fortress
On the right bank of the Nishava River towers a Turkish fortress more than two centuries old .Fortifications on this site were erected over two millennia .The fortress in Nis is one of the best preserved monuments of this kind in the Central Balkans .In terms of the fortress is a polygon with eight defensive areas and four massive entrance towers .8-meter walls, the average thickness of which is 3 meters, stretched for more than two kilometers .Throughout the perimeter, the fortress was surrounded by a broad moat, part of which has survived to this day .On the territory of the fortress today is a wonderful park, splendidly saving from the heat in the summer days .And at the Istanbul gate of the fortress (this is the main entrance) in the evenings life boils: summer cafes are working, live music is playing, residents and visitors of the city are strolling .
Near the fortress a chapel is built in memory of the victims of NATO bombing.
Median
An important archaeological site of the Roman era is located in the eastern suburb of Nis. The median was once the luxurious residence of Constantine the Great. Excavations have discovered a villa with a peristyle (the courtyard decorated with a covered colonnade), thermae (Roman baths), a granary and a water tower.
Red Cross
Crveni Krst is the first concentration camp in Serbia, created shortly after the occupation in 1941 and operating until the liberation of Nis in 1944. It is believed that through him passed 30 thousand people. Unlike the large camp complexes of crematoria, there were no bodies there, and the bodies of the dead were covered with slaked lime. Now here is a museum, you can walk around the barracks, consider an exposition with photographs of former prisoners - victims of the Nazi terror. In 1979, the camp was declared a monument of culture of exceptional importance.
Lane of artisans
Also known as the Kotelschik lane - the old city center, built in the first half of the 18th century. The surviving buildings of the masters represent a model of the architecture of the period of the Ottoman Empire. Now the alley of artisans is a wonderful place to walk with numerous cafes and restaurants on both sides of the street.
Memorial Park Buban
The Buban memorial complex was erected in memory of more than 10,000 citizens of Serbia, shot by the Nazis during the Second World War. A memorable path passes through the park, on the territory there is a granite bas-relief and three high obelisks, symbolizing raised and clenched hands that threaten the enemy.
At 10 km from the city center there is a balneological resort Nishka-Banya.
Author - Gulshat Zakirova