Bolkhov - a tiny ancient town with Suzdal landscapes, is known since the 13th century. In the Middle Ages, the city was the center of the specific principality. In the 16th century it was a fortified place on the southern border of the Moscow State. At the end of the 19th century, the city was a large shopping center with a developed tanning industry
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How to get here
Bolkhov is located on the highway Z92 Orel - Belev, 55 km from Orel. The nearest railway station is 45 km to Mtsensk. The bus from it goes to Bolkhov only 2-3 times a day, so it's easier to get from Eagle, where the bus goes every half hour.
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History
Ancient the Russian city of Bolkhov in documents for the first time mentioned in 1196, in connection with the events quite sad: it was then that the city was burned by Vladimir Prince Vsevolod III The Big Nest. By the 16th century, Bolkhov had turned into a serious fortification on the border of the Moscow state, later, due to changes in borders, lost its defensive significance. By the 19th century, the city had become a major center of trade and the leather industry.
The 20th century was dramatic for the city: many churches were destroyed in the 1940s, Bolkhov was occupied by German fascist invaders and underwent serious destruction, and from 1945 to 1980, more than a dozen churches were demolished in the city, as their facades decayed and there was no money for restoration. Bolkhov not only lost a significant part of his architectural and historical wealth, but also faced the problem of the demographic crisis.
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Climate
As in all the central part of Russia, it's quite cold snowy winters. The average January temperature is around -10 degrees, there are thaws. In summer it is hot and dry here, in July the temperature often reaches 30 degrees, on the average it keeps around +18 ... + 19 ° С. The best time to visit this region is at the end of spring - early summer, and the end of summer - the beginning of autumn. Both those and other seasons give soft weather and a riot of colors - Bolkhov among the flowering spring trees and the flames of autumn leaves are especially good.
Bolkhov Hotels
Due to its peculiarities, the city became one of the major centers of pilgrimage tourism, which necessitated the opening of hotels. The hotel "Bolhovskaya Starina" started its work in 2007. He was located in the center of the city in a two-story former merchant's mansion. Another hotel of the city - "Guest ranks" - located at ul. Turgenev, 86.
Entertainment, excursions and attractions Bolhova
Surprisingly, the city has preserved almost all the old buildings and many old churches. A large number of architectural monuments (26 temples), including the Trinity Church and the Transfiguration Cathedral, Troitsky Optin Monastery, the Virgin Mary-Vsesvyatsky Monastery and the Bolkhov Museum of Local Lore, founded in 1918 by artist Gavrilov.
Troitsk Optina Nativity of the Virgin Monastery
One of the most beautiful small towns in Russia, Bolkhov, despite the vicissitudes of fate, is rich in Orthodox shrines. The oldest surviving building and subject of special pride of the city is the Trinity Optina of the Nativity of the Virgin Monastery. It was founded in the 14th and 15th centuries by the repentant robber Optia, in any case, this is what the legend says. He also founded the neighboring Kozelsky Optina Pustyn.
The monastery church of the Holy Trinity is a small copy of the Assumption Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin, and donations for its construction made members of the royal family in different years. Fortunately, the temple did not suffer much from the war, nor from the theologians, and is now restored and pleases its kind of citizens and tourists, making the silhouette of the city vivid and recognizable.
The Bolkhov Temples
And now, in spite of the fact that many churches were destroyed or damaged during the Soviet rule, the dome of the church of the Bolkhov towers above the city and bell bells are heard on holidays.
The Sixth Transfiguration Cathedral, the construction of which dates back to the 17th century, rises on the central square of the city, and the most beautiful city in the city is the Trinity Church. From anywhere in the city can be seen a four-tiered 40-meter bell tower of the Savior's Transfiguration Cathedral, and the bell tower of St. George's Church was built by merchant Gubarev as a memorial candle in memory of the deceased beloved. In the construction of many of the city's temples, their expansion and decoration were contributed by local merchants.
The central part of the city is a real reserve: almost completely it is built up by the mansions of the second half of the 18th - the first half of the 19th century, once owned by the Bulgar merchants.
The Bolkhov Museum
A full picture of the history and places of interest of Bolkhov and its surroundings can be obtained from the local history museum. Its first exposition was burned during the Patriotic War, and the present one, created in the postwar years, is available for inspection every day, except Sunday, from 8.00 to 17.00 at ul. Lenina, 47, ph. +7 (48640) 22231.
Photo of Bolkhov (6)